Fundamentals of Electric Circuits: Charge, current and Kirchhoff’s current law – Voltage and Kirchhoff’s voltage law – Ideal voltage and current sources – Electric power and sign convention – Circuit elements and their i-v characteristics – Ohm’s law – Series and parallel resistors – Measuring devices – Electrical networks – Network analysis. Laboratory realization of electrical networks and measurements of circuit variables – Verification of Ohm’s and Kirchhoff’s laws. Resistive Network Analysis: The node voltage method – The mesh current method – Thevenin and Norton equivalent circuits – Experimental determination of Thevenin and Norton equivalents – Maximum power transfer, experimental verification. AC Network Analysis: Dynamic circuit elements – Time-dependent signal sources – Solution of circuits containing dynamic elements – Phasors and impedance – Superposition of AC signals (experimental verification) – AC circuit analysis methods – AC equivalent circuits – Real capacitors and inductors. Laboratory realization of AC networks and measurements of circuit variables. AC Power: Instantaneous and average power – Reactive power – Complex power – Power factor. Second-Order Circuits: Transient and steady-state analysis. Resonance (experimental verification). Frequency Response: Sinusoidal frequency response – Filters (low-pass, high-pass, band-pass). Laboratory realization of filters and measurement of frequency response. Mutual Inductance – Transformers: Basic concepts – Laboratory realization.
